The War On Drugs And The United States - 956 Words

The War on Drugs has become an epidemic today that has afflicted in the United States and the United Nations; both are influenced by international drug laws which preserve the criminal justice system. These new laws promote an ineffective policies on the war on drugs. Therefore, communities are locked while the promotion of illicit drugs become the dominate framework to organized crimes. Today, the war on drugs continues to be an ongoing battle within our society. This paper will examine these issues focusing primarily on referencing historical context on the struggles controlling the drugs within our society. Effective changes must be made for the war on drugs to be disregarded. First steps of improvement must be lenient punishment policies based on the relevance and/or risk of these psychoactive drugs. EXTENT OF THE WAR ON DRUGS The United States government has defined the term â€Å"war on drugs† as a â€Å"series of actions tending toward a prohibition of illegal drug trade† (War on drugs law). According to Beccaria (1974), laws were conditioned under man as a ways to united our society. On the contrary, the term War on Drugs was coined by President Richard Nixon in 1971, which he described these illegal drugs as public enemy number one in the United States (A brief history of the drug war)†. During the late 1980s, the political mania about drugs led Congress and state legislatures to increase campaigns against drug use. For instance, First Lady Nancy Reagan began the â€Å"JustShow MoreRelatedThe War On Drugs And The United States1506 Words   |  7 Pages When, in 1971, Richard Nixon infamously declared a â€Å"war on drugs† it would have been nearly impossible for him to predict the collective sense of disapprobation which would come to accompany the now ubiquitous term. It would have been difficult for him to predict that the drug war would become a hot topic, a highly contentious and polarizing point of debate and, it would have difficult for him to predict that the United States would eventually become the prison capital of the world, incarceratingRead MoreDrug Wars : The United States1643 Words   |  7 PagesDrug Wars. When people hear the term â€Å"Drug Wars† they think that the cause of all the Drugs and Violence flowing through into the United States, is all Mexico’s fault, that Mexico is the cause of so many deaths and a War that the United States thinks it’s â€Å"Winning†, but they are not even making a little dent. Interestingly enough, Mexico is not the only cause of this War going o n around the Border, The United States plays a big role around the Drug Wars as well. THE TIES THE U.S. HAS WITH MEXICANRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe War on Drugs has been an ongoing effect ever since the Civil War introduced the drug morphine to the world. In the years since people have been coming up with drugs more lethal than morphine such as cocaine, methamphetamine, heroin, and so on and so forth. The War on Drugs is dangerous and leads to many deaths throughout the years. America has set up agencies such as the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) and other drug task force teams throughout the United States. Even though we may not be ableRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1063 Words   |  5 PagesThe War on Drugs has become an epidemic today afflicting United States and the United Nations; which are swayed by global drug laws which preserve the criminal justice system. These new laws promote an ineffective policy on the war on drug. Therefore, communities are locked while the promotion of illicit drugs bec omes the dominate framework to organized crimes. Today, the war on drugs continues to be an ongoing battle within our society. This paper will examine these issues focusing primarily onRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1063 Words   |  5 PagesThe War on Drugs has become an epidemic today afflicting United States and the United Nations; which are swayed by global drug laws which preserve the criminal justice system. These new laws promote an ineffective policies on the war on drug. Therefore, communities are locked while the promotion of illicit drugs becomes the dominate framework to organized crimes. Today, the war on drugs continues to be an ongoing battle within our society. This paper will examine these issues focusing primarily onRead MoreThe Drug War Of The United States1626 Words   |  7 PagesThe drug war in the U.S. has been waged on civil fronts for over four decades and has not only proven to be not only futile but at times even more damaging to society than the drugs themselves. The once virtuous intent of this ‘war’ has been corrupted by police unions and dirty politicians who have turned it into a carefully crafted system of capitalistic enterprise, designed push their political agenda by perpetuating the myth that drugs are the primary threat to our nation. Zero tolerance lawsRead MoreThe United State War On Drugs1005 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States government has been wasting millions of dollars each year on a worthless war that cannot be won. This war is explained in detail by author Art Caden in their essay â€Å"Let’s Be Blunt† about the United State war on drugs. The war on drugs began in 1971 under the order of President Richard Nixon, and it was one of the worst decisions he ever made. It has been nothing but a waste of government funding, time, and manpower that can only be described as a dismal failure and should be repealedRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States871 Words    |  4 Pages In the United States crime rates have been on a decline for years, but the United States still has the largest number of people incarcerated in the world. The â€Å"war on drugs† as well as policy’s by the government to be â€Å"tough on crime† has lead to the uprising of corporate prisons, which are known as for-profit prisons, and private prisons. Private prisons have also lead to States, and federal prisons to become worse when it comes to programs to rehabilitate those who are incarcerated, so thatRead MoreUnited States War On Drugs Essay1575 Words   |  7 PagesHumanities Independent Research Essay Thompson Lin Block B 10-1 Research Question: To what extent has the United States’ â€Å"War on Drugs† been successful in reducing illicit drug abuse in the country? The â€Å"War on Drugs† is a term generally referred in America to the campaign aiming to reduce drug abuse in the country. The term first appeared in July 18 1971, when former U.S. President Richard Nixon started the campaign. However, on April 9, 2015, President Obama publicly announced that the policyRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States Essay2046 Words   |  9 PagesFor many years, drugs have been the center of crime and the criminal justice system in the United States. Due to this widespread epidemic, President Richard Nixon declared the â€Å"War on Drugs† in 1971 with a campaign that promoted the prohibition of illicit substances and implemented policies to discourage the overall production, distribution, and consumption. The War on Drugs and the U.S. drug policy has experienced the most significant and complex challenges between criminal law and the values of

Essay Care Coordination in the Health Care System - 582 Words

Care coordination within health care systems ensures the client of an effective and short stay. Care coordination refers to the coordination between and among professional teams that serve valuable roles involved in providing care to clients. Different disciplines of health care professionals include nursing, medicine, case management, pharmacy, nutrition, social work, and allied health professionals, such as speech therapists and physical therapists. They are found in all health care delivery systems and are extremely effective when the focus is strictly on the needs of the client. Interprofessional teams are valuable because each health care professional has specialized knowledge and skills so that health care plans are determined with†¦show more content†¦The American Nurses Association is leading the way by implementing countless initiatives to bring attention to the nurses’ essential role in care coordination. It is up to the nurse to step up and draw attention t o the integral part they play in improving patient satisfaction, patient care quality, and the effective and efficient use of health care resources (American Nurses Association, 2012). In the United States, our health care system is often characterized by communication failures. According to the American Nurses Association (2012), â€Å"Care coordination has been proposed as a solution to many of the seemingly intractable problems of American health care: high costs, uneven quality, and too frequent disappointing patient outcomes† (para. 14). Care coordination is a very important aspect in nursing roles and is extremely valuable because it can improve outcomes for everyone: patients, payers, and providers. Although it is obvious that the changes will improve patient care and general efficiency, applying changes in the general approach and everyday routines may be overwhelming. Luckily, there are resources available for those interested in taking a more coordinated approach to primary care practice (â€Å"Social Media’s leading Physician Voice,† 2012). Interprofessional teams are collaborative among various health care professionals that serve valuable rolesShow MoreRelatedAs healthcare becomes more and more complex due to growing fields of study as well as advances in1600 Words   |  7 Pageseach healthcare provider, whether it be specialists, primary care physicians, or even emergency room doctors, have limited time with each patient. The patient may receive different recommendations from each professional in order to produce a better lifestyle for that patient however this care is not coordinated thus the patient becomes confused as to how to proceed. According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality care coordination means things to different people; no consensus definitionRead MoreAre Ehrs Helping For Improve Care?1231 Words   |  5 Pagesimprove care? Care is changing universally. Healthcare workers have updated standards and practices for care today, and electronic health records (EHR) are one of these updates. EHR’s are an electronic version of a patient’s medical history. Since EHR have been implemented, it has saved patient’s lives, but also caused casualties. The question is are EHR’s helping to improve care? In this paper, the benefits of EHR’s are discussed in how they’ve improved patient-centered care and promoted health careRead MoreChallenges Of Accountable Care Organizations1419 Words   |  6 PagesAffordable Care Act has created many opportunities for states to design and test new models of care delivery and payment that improve health outcomes, improve patients’ experience, and reduce health care spending (The Promise of Care Coordination: Transforming Health Care Delivery, 2013). These new models include accountable care organizations (ACOs) and Medicaid health home s. A main component of these new models is care coordination programs, which allow providers and other members of the health careRead MoreTypes And Implementation Of Care Coordination1315 Words   |  6 PagesCare across various health care settings and with multiple providers is often fragmented and managed in a silo. Patients with multiple illnesses are more challenging to the health care system. These challenges cross multiple health care settings and make the patient more vulnerable to experiencing serious health problems that can result from poor transition and coordination of care. Coordination interventions can include transitional care, patient self-management and coordinated care. IncorporationRead MoreAn Integration Of Care Study1198 Words   |  5 PagesDescription of Setting An integration of care study was conducted by a Doctor of Behavioral Health Intern at Michael R. Zent (MRZ)Healthcare Clinic in Phoenix, Arizona. MRZ is a reverse co-located integrated medical and behavioral clinic that provides services to about 4000 children and 4000 adults annually. MRZ provides laboratory, pharmacy, behavioral and physical health services together under one roof. The clinic utilizes an integrated electronic health record to document the treatment of membersRead MoreTreatment Of A Hospitalized Patient1667 Words   |  7 Pagestreatment to stabilize conditions, reduce the time spent in the hospital, and provide complete care on an outpatient basis (Kalra, et al, 2010, p.930). This change in the healthcare delivery model was inevitable, since hospitals are now paid the same amount of money for procedures regardless of the number of days spent in the hospital. For example, â€Å"Medicare s inpatient prospective reimbursement system uses hospital submitted ICD-9 d iagnosis codes to determine the Diagnosis Related Group (DRG),Read MoreEssay On Behavioral Health Redesign1342 Words   |  6 PagesOhio Behavioral Health Redesign Annually half a million Ohioans Including children, working adults and seniors access mental health and addiction services through the state’s Medicaid program. (Wirtz, 2017) With the severe and pervasive opioid crisis and the rise in suicide Governor Kasich initiated comprehensive reforms to expand access to mental health and addiction treatment services in the State of Ohio. The actions taken during the Kasich Administration have stabilized the system and rebuilt theRead MoreA Description And Defense Of The Change1346 Words   |  6 Pageschange in policy, procedure or program Description: Detailed Process mapping for coordination of care Developing strategies to achieve ideal transition in care can be described as better â€Å"discharge planning, complete communication of information, availability, timeliness, clarity and organization of information, medication safety, educating patients to promote self-management, advance care planning, coordinating care among team members, monitoring and managing symptoms after discharge and follow up†Read MoreDescription Of Setting. A Study On Reverse Integrated Of1305 Words   |  6 PagesDescription of Setting A study on reverse integrated of care delivery system and challenges was conducted by a Doctor of Behavioral Health (DBH) Intern at Michael R. Zent (MRZ)Healthcare Clinic in Phoenix, Arizona. MRZ is a non-profit reverse integrated medical and behavioral clinic that provides services to about 4000 children and 4000 adults annually. MRZ employs 80 individuals, including 2 psychiatrists, 4 nurse practitioners, one primary care provider (PCP), four nurses, thirty therapists, threeRead MoreThe Community Intervention / Interview Paper919 Words   |  4 Pagescommunity outreach and provider Relations for â€Å"Coordination of Health Care for Complex Kids† (CHECK) Program and Project Coordinator of â€Å"Promoting Adolescent Health† (PATH) Study. She was interviewed about her work with the CHECK Program. The Coordination of Health Care for Complex Kids program aims to improve overall health and quality of life for underserved populations. This programs aims to fight the soci al injustice of unequal health systems for low socioeconomic communities. The CHECK program

1984 Critical Analysis Free Essays

10/23/11 1984 critical analysis In the novel 1984 by George Orwell a man named Winston lives within a dis-utopian society. People within this society keep their emotions non-noticeable because if they go against what the inner circle is teaching than that person would work manually labor for the rest of their life. In the story a party known as the inner circle uses a few slogans and sayings to control everything. We will write a custom essay sample on 1984 Critical Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The inner circle uses all that they say to brainwash people into believing what they are saying is true. The inner party’s slogans are â€Å"War is peace, Freedom is Slavery, and Ignorance is strength† By using these phrases one can see that the inner circle can manipulate everyone into believing in what the inner circle tells them to believe in. The first slogan â€Å"War is peace† The inner circle has this slogan to convince people that there is no such thing as peace. The inner party seems to get people to believe they are in a constant state of war. When they are not fighting one country they are fighting the other. The inner party uses this constant state to their advantage; the inner party uses this state to keep the people always occupy with a war and to keep them from thinking about rising up against the government. Examples of the constant state of war, one is the proles are constantly being bombed. With this slogan it gives people a sense of anxiety keeping them scared and to make them think that Big Brother is taking care of them and will look out for them, and protect them. The second slogan â€Å"Freedom is Slavery†, the inner party is trying to control everyone and getting them to hate every other country. This slogan means that to have freedom is to be a slave, which in American eyes is a big lie. The inner party puts out the slogan for people to understand it is much better to be under Big Brother than it is to be your own individual and have freedom to decide what they would like to do; But to the people in this dis-utopia society believe that Big Brother is for them and not only that but they have been spoon fed their whole lives and they would not know what to do even if they had freedom. The people in this society that would have some sense of what freedom is, is the proles because the inner circle doesn’t really care about them. The third slogan is â€Å"Ignorance is strength†. The Meaning of Ignorance is the lack of Knowledge, Not knowing and for not knowing to be strength it does not make very much sense. The phrase â€Å"Knowing is half the battle â€Å" would never come into play. In many cases to win a battle is to know what the army is up against. Not knowing is how the inner circle keeps any rebels from rebelling because they don’t know what they are up against. Throughout the book the inner circle is kept a secret but it is known that it is there. In the book Winston believes that Big Brother is not real and does not exist. The inner circle also retells history the way they want it told and they teach it this way to keep the people from knowing what truly is happening in the world around them. After all the slogans one of the sayings the inner circle uses is â€Å"Big Brother is Watching You† This society uses this poster to add to the anxiety and fear of the people. The sign has this saying and above it is a face that looks similar to Hitler. This poster is posted everywhere within the society. This saying echoes throughout ones mind to give them a sense of being constantly watched and they have to pay attention to everything they do. This saying is not entirely false either in this society people are always looking out at people waiting and watching for them to slip up. The inner circle also uses telescreeens within each room to watch over what the person is doing and also the telescreen has no off switch. Winston has his telescreen in a location so he has a corner where he can write what ever he wants in his illegal journal. The inner circle uses it’s own people to for it’s eyes in the society because it uses the true followers to catch all the people who would go against. The inner circle also use kids as spies. They use the kids to spy on the parents within the home to make sure they do not go against the inner party. The inner circle turns their own people on each other so not only they look to catch each other but they also have no big groups to conspire with. In Comparison of the three slogans the number one thing they all have in common is they are all false and are all contradictions of each other; â€Å"War is Peace, Freedom is Slavery, and Ignorance is strength. † Each slogan has it’s own purpose and reason to help the inner circle to control everybody to make sure they do not rise up against the inner party. If someone does go against the inner party the inner party sends their â€Å"task force† in to take that person and to have them do manually labor for the rest of their life. Which having the Thought Police a. k. â€Å"task force† in the mix of everything adds even more anxiety and fear into the people of this society. In truth the inner circle uses fear and repeats the slogans to get people brainwashed into believing everything the inner circle is telling them. The inner circle uses all of the sayings to manipulate and control everyone to be on their side. The inner party has these slogans to make sur e everyone can’t go against them. The inner party rules with fear and is kept a secret, and repeats everything to make sure it is brainwashed into believing everything they are told. In many cases if someone repeats something over and over they would believe it to be true. If someone repeated that 2 + 2 = 5 eventually they would start to question if it is true and then soon the person would believe it is true and trick themselves that they are right in which 2 + 2 = 5. Which is the same way with Winston in which eventually he gave into the ways of the inner circle and he started to love Big Brother who he despised at the beginning of the book. This same process manipulated Winston into going into the ways and is brainwashed into believing everything he is told. How to cite 1984 Critical Analysis, Papers

Journal Of The American Geriatrics Societ -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Journal Of The American Geriatrics Societ? Answer: Introducation Individualised balance exercises would be achieved through the collaboration of the specific patient and physical therapist or nurse assistants. Hence, the pillar of consumer and community participation is relevant to the project. Based on consumer and community participation pillar, an intervention is developed on the principles of consent, autonomy and professional ethics. The patient at the aged care home should offer consent before the therapist initiates therapy session. On the other hand, the healthcare professional should practice autonomy and observe professional ethics when treating the patient. Besides, needs assessment, information provision and privacy are fundamental aspects of the consumer and community participation pillar (Department of Health, 2012). These principles are all pertinent to the proposed project. Another clinical governance pillar that is pertinent to the project is service evaluation, quality improvement and innovation. The structure of the project requ ires constant evaluation and improvement based on the clients outcomes and efficiency. The pillar of service evaluation and quality improvement suggests that treatment should be monitored progressively and updated to meet the envisioned or desired results (Department of Health, 2012). In this project, the individualised balance exercises will be continuously monitored, and deficiencies in relation to the predetermined standards of care will be remedied. This analysis indicates that clinical governance is relevant and indispensable to the proposed project. Evidence that the issue / problem is worth solving: (774 words) Falls in nursing homes is a significant problem that results in adverse health outcomes and is a common occurrence in Australian aged care facilities. Empirical evidence suggests that there is a high number of falls in nursing homes. Ibrahim and colleagues, in their study conducted between 2000 and 2013, found that most deaths in accredited Australian nursing homes occur due to falls. Specifically, they revealed that out of 21672 deaths 81.5 percent (2679) are associated with falls. They concluded that falls cause premature deaths in aged care facilities, which are preventable (Ibrahim et al., 2017). One study conducted in New South Wales (NSW), shows that there is a high number of falls in residential aged care that require medical treatment. The study shows that between 2006 and 2007 5756 falls were requiring medical attention in NSW. The number of falls that needed emergency department attendance in nursing homes was about 6988. Lastly, the number of falls in residential aged care that required non-hospital treatments was 29790 (Watson et al., 2010). Another justification for implementing a fall prevention strategy in nursing homes is the incidence report of Queensland health facilities. Between 2007 and 2008, 11928 fall-associated clinical incidents in Queensland. 22 percent of these incidences occurred in nursing homes. Some of these incidents led to mortality or severe and permanent patient harm. Other incidents led to temporary loss of function, while a few did not cause any harm (Black Ferrar, 2011). Chen and colleagues did a study to determine the prevalence of falls in nursing homes in Australia. In this study, there were 1342 older males and females with a mean age of 86 years. Over a period of 1.97 years, approximately 6646 led to 308 fractures. Some fractures resulted in long hospitalisation and disability. This study shows that falls in nursing homes should be prevented to enhance the quality of life for the residents (Chen et al., 2008). Fall-associated ambulance attendances for Queensland also reveal the prevailing problem of falls in aged care facilities. From 2007 to 2008, there was an average of 1895 fall-linked attendances. About 24 percent of all the falls occurred in aged care facilities around Queensland. The report indicates that most of these falls needed treatment at the scene (Black Quinn, 2010). Nicholas and colleagues did a study in nursing homes in Sydney to investigate the prevalence of falls linked to Drug Burden Index. The study found that there are many falls in the aged care homes associated with the medication. In one year, there were 998 falls in 330 clients. The analysis insinuates that the average falls per person in a year is 1.74 (Wilson et al., 2011). In a study conducted in Australia between 2009 and 2010, it was found that one in five injurious falls involving an individual aged 65 years and older occurred in nursing homes and led to hospitalisation. Within the same period, the prevalence of fall injury cases in nursing homes was six times higher than in homes (Bradley, 2013). Finally, this project is supported by the AIHW report of 2005-2006. Based on this report, the largest number of fall injury incidences happened in nursing homes, which was 21.8 percent. The falls in women were 23.6 percent, while in men the falls were 17.5 percent. The report notes that in the number of falls in aged care facilities was five times higher compared to the home environment (Bradley Pointer, 2008). Recent literature suggests that individualised balance exercise is effective in reducing falls in nursing homes. One review article asserts that balance training using mechanical apparatus reduces falls in intermediate level nursing homes (Cameron et al., 2012). Besides, research found that high-intensity exercise reduces falls in older people living in aged care facilities if they enhance their balance. This study involved 191 older people living in nursing homes (Rosendahl et al., 2008). A meta-regression study found that interventions that entail balance training, excluding walking training have a significant impact in reducing falls in older adults. The meta-analysis recommends the balance exercise to be performed for about two hours per week (Sherrington et al., 2011). Raimunda and colleagues did a meta-analysis of 12 studies involving 1292 candidates to determine the effectiveness of exercise in fall and fracture prevention. Their analysis notes that balance exercises have a pr eventive impact on falls (Silva et al., 2013). The problem: A fall is an act of collapsing without control. In nursing homes, falls can be sudden and can happen at any place within the aged care facility. Exercises are designed, structure and repetitive movements to enhance or sustain certain components of physical fitness (Tiedemann et al., 2013). Key Stakeholders: (135words) Nurse assistants Nurse assistants, will act as the primary caregivers for the patients in nursing homes. They will identify residents within nursing homes who should be included in the program. Registered nurses (RNs) - RNs will be required to monitor residents who are undertaking balance exercises. They will ensure the patients maintain appropriate hygiene and receive proper nutrition. Physiotherapists These specialists will examine and treat residents who can benefit from balance exercises. Their role will be restoring and maintaining physical function within musculoskeletal systems. Orthopaedic surgeon This medical professional will be involved in examining musculoskeletal system disease among the patients. They will determine patients who are the risk of experiencing osteoporosis. Patient representatives - The patient advocates will be responsible for maintaining communication with the patients and healthcare providers in the course of the program. CPI Tool: (329 words) The CPI tool that will be used for this project is PDSA (Plan, Do, Study, Act). PDSA is an iterative tool appropriate for performing change or improving a process. Plan: The initial step is to plan the change that will be trailed. The process that needs improving is identified and a mission statement drafted. Additionally, the evidence is collected at this stage as well as the formation of an appropriate team (NSW Health Department, 2002). The planning stage relates to the four parts of this project which are project title, project aim, evidence that the issue is worth solving and key stakeholder analysis. Do: The trail of the proposed change is performed. In this stage, the plan is executed or set in motion. An understanding of the event is required for accurate investigation. Observations on the performance of the interventions are made in the Do stage. This stage relates to the summary and proposed intervention part of the project. Study: This stage entails the evaluation of the trail impact. The observations and data collected in the DO stage are used to determine whether the plan led to an improvement (NSW Health Department, 2002). The main aim of the Study stage is to measure whether the project aim is achieved. This stage relates to the evaluation part of the project. Act: The last stage involves the implementation of the changes that have proven to be effective. The conclusions of the project are made at this stage. If the plan led to success, the improvements are standardised and constantly used to solve the problem. This stage relates to the barriers to implement and sustain change part of the project. The PDSA could be used to address the aim and implement the intervention in the following ways. It could be used to identify and diagnose the fall problem and measure the extent of the problem. Then an appropriate intervention could be identified, implemented and re-measured to ascertain whether it has been effective. Summary of proposed interventions: (233 words) Balance control is the foundation of an individuals capacity to move, walk and function independently. The individualised balance exercises would include dual as well as multi-task exercises. These exercises have been proposed based on the understanding and principles that, balance control depends on the coordination of physiological systems, interaction with the task performed and environmental factors (Halvarsson et al., 2015). Project outline Nurse assistants conduct risk assessment will identify and refer the older adults at the aged care facilities who are the risk of falls. The nurse assistants will be required to use Physical Mobility Scale to determine the individuals who are the risk of falling. The residents of nursing homes who have been referred by nurse assistants will be examined by the RNs and orthopaedic surgeon to determine their eligibility for the balance exercises. Eligible clients will be enrolled. The physiotherapist will develop an individualised treatment for patients based on their health condition. The balance exercises will be categorised into basic, moderate and advanced levels. Basic level will include dynamic balance as well as sensory orientations. Advanced level will include stability limits, dynamic balance and sensory orientation. The advanced level will include multi-task exercises. Individualised exercises will be performed for at least 3 hours per week for 12 months. The effectiveness of the project will be evaluated in the first six months and the second at the end of the 12 months. Barriers to implementation and sustaining change: (187 words) Staff education will be one of the barriers to the implementation of the project. The aged care facility staff requires training on how to utilise risk assessment tools and should be in a position to delineate the pragmatic for conducting a fall assessment on admission. They should also be trained about predisposing and factors that might trigger falls, which can be prevented through balance exercises. This barrier can be addressed through ongoing training. Obtaining baseline data before the execution of the project is another challenge. Before the project is executed, there is a need for the current baseline for cases of falls in aged care facilities. The data would be used to determine whether previous interventions have been successful and whether the individualised balance exercise would be successful. This barrier would be addressed by conducting an initial study of the falls in nursing homes to gather the required baseline data. The cost of implementation is also a barrier. The costs would be incurred in risk management, documentation, acquisition of supplies and equipment. This barrier would be solved by involving state and territory governments to fund the project. Evaluation of the project: (122 words) The evaluation of the project would be based on outcomes to determine the advantages to the patients. Data on the number of falls in aged care facilities would be the foundation of the evaluation. A poised mixed model will be used to analyse the number of falls. This model has been used by Hewitt and colleagues to evaluate the number of falls in nursing homes (Hewitt et al., 2014). During the evaluation, data would be recorded based on the time of day, the circumstance of fall, location and activity. The data would help to determine the type of fall like accidental, predicted physiological and unpredicted physiological fall. A decline in the number of accidental falls will suggest that the project is successful. Reference Black, A. Ferrar, K., 2011. Fall-related clinical incidents reported in Queensland Health facilities, 2007- 08. Brisbane: Queensland Health. Retrived from https://www.health.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/435024/0708-clinicalincid.pdf Black, A. Quinn, J., 2010. Falls-related ambulance attendances for Queenslanders aged 65 years and over, 2007-08. Brisbane: Queensland Health. Retrieved from https://www.health.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0033/434877/0708-ambulance-data.pdf Bradley, C., 2013. Hospitalisations due to falls by older people, Australia 200910.. Injury research and statistics series no. 70. Cat. no. INJCAT 146. Canberra: AIHW. Retrieved from https://emsas.com.au/blog/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/14820.pdf Bradley, C. Pointer, S., 2008. Hospitalisation due to falls by older people, Australia 200506. Injury research and statistics series number 50. Cat. no. INJCAT 122. AIHW. Retrieved from https://203.2.121.30/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=6442458827 Cameron, I. et al., 2012. Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals. The Cochrane Library, (12), p. CD005465. Chen, J. et al., 2008. Risk factors for fracture following a fall among older people in residential care facilities in Australia. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 56(11), pp.2020-26. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01954.x/abstract Department of Health, 2012. Appendix C: comparison of with ATAPS clinical governance framework. [Online] (https://www.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/mental-pubs-e-evalnurs-toc~mental-pubs-e-evalnurs-app~mental-pubs-e-evalnurs-app-c#t8-4) [Accessed 2 October 2017]. Halvarsson, A., Dohm, I.-M. Stahle, A., 2015. Taking balance training for older adults one step further: the rationale for and a description of a proven balance training programme. Clinical Rehabilitation, 29(5), pp.417-25. Hewitt, J. et al., 2014. Does progressive resistance and balance exercise reduce falls in residential aged care? Randomized controlled trial protocol for the SUNBEAM program. Clin Interv Aging, 9(1), pp.369-76. Ibrahim, J.E. et al., 2017. Premature deaths of nursing home residents: an epidemiological analysis. Medical Journal of Australia, 206(10), pp.442-47. Retrieved from https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2017/206/10/premature-deaths-nursing-home-residents-epidemiological-analysis?inline=true NSW Health Department, 2002. Easy guide to clinical practice improvement: A guide for healthcare professionals. [Online] Available at: https://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/286052/cpi-Easyguide.pdf [Accessed 2 October 2017]. Rosendahl, E. et al., 2008. A randomized controlled trial of fall prevention by a high-intensity functional exercise program for older people living in residential care facilities. Aging Clinical Exp Res, 20(1), pp.67-75. Sherrington, C. et al., 2011. Exercise to prevent falls in order adults: an update meta-analysis and best practice recommendations. NSW Public Health Bulletin, 22(3-4), pp.78-83. Silva, R.B., Eslick, G.D. Duque, G., 2013. Exercise for falls and fracture prevention in long term care facilities: A systemic review and meta-analysis. JAMDA, 14, pp.685-89. Tiedemann, A., Sherrington, C. Lord, S., 2013. The role of exercise for fall prevention in older age. Motriz: Revista de Educao Fsica, 19(3), pp.541-47. Watson, W., Clapperton, A. R, M., 2010. The incidence and cost of falls injury among older people in New South Wales 2006/07. Sydney: NSW Department of Health. Retrieved from https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/falls/Publications/incidence-cost-of-falls.pdf Wilson, N. et al., 2011. Associations Between Drug Burden Index and Falls in Older People in Residential Aged Care. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(5), pp.875-80. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21539525